What does Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure cover for NEET Chemistry?

11 lessons: Bond Order Length Energy, Dipole Moment, Electronegativity Fajans', Hybridization, Hydrogen Bonding, Ionic Covalent Bonds, Kossel Lewis, MO Homonuclear Diatomics, Molecular Orbital Theory, Valence Bond Theory and VSEPR Shapes.

How often has Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure come up in NEET past papers?

Our set of verified past papers has 18 questions from this unit, from NEET 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026. Each is answered against the official NTA key.

Is the Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure material free?

Yes. All 11 lessons and 88 practice questions are free, with no login needed.

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

11 lessons

Topic index in NCERT order

11 of 11 lessons by the NCERT chapter they teach from, in book order. The page is the first printed page of your NCERT book the lesson cites; PYQs are the past NEET questions on that topic.

Class 11 Chemistry, Chapter 4

Ionic Covalent Bondsp. 1020 PYQs
Kossel Lewisp. 1031 PYQ
Dipole Momentp. 1112 PYQs
Electronegativity Fajans'p. 1121 PYQ
VSEPR Shapesp. 1135 PYQs
Hybridizationp. 1211 PYQ
Valence Bond Theoryp. 1211 PYQ
Bond Order Length Energyp. 1292 PYQs
Molecular Orbital Theoryp. 1291 PYQ
Hydrogen Bondingp. 1310 PYQs
MO Homonuclear Diatomicsp. 1313 PYQs

Bond Order Length Energy

8 MCQs2 PYQs4 revision cardsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Calculation (2)

Dipole Moment

8 MCQs2 PYQs1 revision cardWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Calculation (1)Concept Trap (1)

Electronegativity Fajans'

8 MCQs1 PYQs2 revision cardsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (1)Calculation (1)

Hybridization

8 MCQs1 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Calculation (2)

Hydrogen Bonding

8 MCQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (2)

Ionic Covalent Bonds

8 MCQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (2)

Kossel Lewis

8 MCQs1 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (2)

MO Homonuclear Diatomics

8 MCQs3 PYQs5 revision cardsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Calculation (2)

Molecular Orbital Theory

8 MCQs1 PYQs2 revision cardsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (1)Calculation (1)

Valence Bond Theory

8 MCQs1 PYQs1 revision cardWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Calculation (1)Concept Trap (1)

VSEPR Shapes

8 MCQs5 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (1)Calculation (1)

Past-paper questions from this unit

18 questions from NEET 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026. Answers verified against NTA official keys.

By year in our set: 2020 (2) · 2021 (4) · 2022 (2) · 2023 (2) · 2024 (3) · 2025 (3) · 2026 (2)

Lesson: VSEPR Shapes

NEET 2026

Match the species in List I with their geometry in List II. List I : A. PCl₅, B. BrF₅, C. BF₄⁻, D. [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻. List II : I. Tetrahedral, II. Square Planar, III. Trigonal bipyramidal, IV. Square pyramidal. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

2A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

3A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

4A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Molecular Orbital Theory

NEET 2026

The highest occupied molecular orbital for Ne₂ is

1π₂p

2σ₂p

3π*₂p

4σ*₂p

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

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Lesson: Bond Order Length Energy

NEET 2025

Given below are two statements : Statement I : A hypothetical diatomic molecule with bond order zero is quite stable. Statement II : As bond order increases, the bond length increases. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

1Statement I is false but Statement II is true

2Both Statement I and Statement II are true

3Both Statement I and Statement II are false

4Statement I is true but Statement II is false

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

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Lesson: VSEPR Shapes

NEET 2025

Match List-I with List-II List-I List-II A. XeO3 (I) sp3d; linear B. XeF2 (II) sp3 ; pyramidal C. XeOF4 (III) sp3d 3 ; distorted octahedral D. XeF6 (IV) sp3d 2 ; square pyramidal Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

2A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

3A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

4A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

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Lesson: Bond Order Length Energy

NEET 2025

Identify the correct orders against the property mentioned A. H2O > NH3 > CHCl3 – dipole moment B. XeF4 > XeO3 > XeF2 – number of lone pairs on central atom C. O–H > C–H > N–O – bond length D. N2 > O2 > H2 – bond enthalpy Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1B, C only

2A, D only

3B, D only

4A, C only

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Valence Bond Theory

NEET 2024Revised key

Match List I with List II. List I (Molecule) — List II (Number and types of bond/s between two carbon atoms) A. ethane — I. one σ-bond and two π-bonds B. ethene — II. two π-bonds C. carbon molecule, C₂ — III. one σ-bonds D. ethyne — IV. one σ-bond and one π-bond Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

2A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

3A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

4A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

NTA Answer: Option 3(revised_final)

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Lesson: VSEPR Shapes

NEET 2024Revised key

Match List I with List II. List I List II (Compound) (Shape/geometry) A. NH I. Trigonal Pyramidal 3 B. BrF II. Square Planar 5 C. XeF III. Octahedral 4 D. SF IV. Square Pyramidal 6 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

2A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

3A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

4A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

NTA Answer: Option 1(revised_final)

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NEET 2024Revised key

Identify the correct answer.

1Three resonance structures can be drawn for ozone

2BF₃ has non-zero dipole moment

3Dipole moment of NF₃ is greater than that of NH₃

4Three canonical forms can be drawn for CO₃²⁻ ion

NTA Answer: Option 4(revised_final)

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Lesson: Kossel Lewis

NEET 2023

Amongst the following the total number of species NOT having eight electrons around central atom in its outermost shell, is NH₃, AlCl₃, BeCl₂, CCl₄, PCl₅ :

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

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Lesson: MO Homonuclear Diatomics

NEET 2023

The correct order of energies of molecular orbitals of N₂ molecule, is

1σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ*2s < σ2pz < (π2px = π2py) < (π*2px = π*2py) < σ*2pz

2σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ*2s < σ2pz < σ*2pz < (π2px = π2py) < (π*2px = π*2py)

3σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ*2s < (π2px = π2py) < (π*2px = π*2py) < σ2pz < σ*2pz

4σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ*2s < (π2px = π2py) < σ2pz < (π*2px = π*2py) < σ*2pz

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

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Lesson: MO Homonuclear Diatomics

NEET 2022

Which amongst the following is incorrect statement?

1O₂⁺ ion is diamagnetic

2The bond orders of O₂⁺, O₂, O₂⁻ and O₂²⁻ are 2.5, 2, 1.5 and 1, respectively

3C₂ molecule has four electrons in its two degenerate π molecular orbitals

4H₂⁺ ion has one electron

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

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Lesson: VSEPR Shapes

NEET 2022

Amongst the following which one will have maximum ‘lone pair - lone pair’ electron repulsions?

1XeF2

2CIF3

3IF5

4SF4

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

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Lesson: Hybridization

NEET 2021

BF₃ is planar and electron deficient compound. Hybridization and number of electrons around the central atom, respectively are :

1sp² and 8

2sp³ and 4

3sp³ and 6

4sp² and 6

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

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Lesson: Electronegativity Fajans'

NEET 2021

Among the following alkaline earth metal halides, one which is covalent and soluble in organic solvents is :

1Beryllium chloride

2Calcium chloride

3Strontium chloride

4Magnesium chloride

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

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Lesson: VSEPR Shapes

NEET 2021

Match List-I with List-II. List-I List-II (a) PCl5 (i) Square pyramidal (b) SF6 (ii) Trigonal planar (c) BrF5 (iii) Octahedral (d) BF3 (iv) Trigonal bipyramidal Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

2(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

3(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)

4(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

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Lesson: Dipole Moment

NEET 2021

Which of the following molecules is non-polar in nature?

1NO 2

2POCl 3

3CH O 2

4SbCl 5

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

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Lesson: MO Homonuclear Diatomics

NEET 2020

Identify a molecule which does not exist.

1O2

2He2

3Li2

4C2

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

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Lesson: Dipole Moment

NEET 2020

Which of the following set of molecules will have zero dipole moment ?

1Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,4-dichlorobenzene

2Ammonia, beryllium difluoride, water, 1,4-dichlorobenzene

3Boron trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,3-dichlorobenzene

4Nitrogen trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, water, 1,3-dichlorobenzene

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

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Exam traps and common mistakes in this unit

Lesson: Hybridization

Trap

Hybridization counting lone pairs

Category: Inorganic Exception

Student counts only bonded atoms when assigning hybridization. Lone pairs count toward steric number too. Steric number = bond pairs + lone pairs → hybridization.

When it triggers

Molecule with central atom having lone pairs (e.g., NH₃: 3 bonds + 1 lp = 4 = sp³; H₂O: 2+2 = 4 = sp³).

How to avoid

Steric number formula: SN = (bond pairs) + (lone pairs). SN=2: sp; SN=3: sp²; SN=4: sp³; SN=5: sp³d; SN=6: sp³d². Lone pairs distort but still count.

Lesson: Bond Order Length Energy

Mistake

Counts only bonding electrons in bond order calculation.

Root cause: formula misuse

Correction

BO = (Nb - Na)/2. Antibonding electrons subtract. F2: 8 bonding, 6 antibonding → BO = 1.

Lesson: Hybridization

Mistake

Counts only bonded atoms when assigning hybridization (e.g. NH3 as sp²).

Root cause: concept gap

Correction

Steric number = bond pairs + lone pairs. NH3: SN=4 → sp³ (despite trigonal pyramidal shape).

Lesson: MO Homonuclear Diatomics

Mistake

Wrong MO ordering for diatomics. For B2, C2, N2: σ2pz comes ABOVE π2px, π2py (s-p mixing). For O2, F2, Ne2: σ2pz BELOW π2px, π2py (no mixing).

Root cause: concept gap

Correction

Memorise the ordering switch at N2/O2 boundary. Affects bond order and magnetic property predictions.

Formulas in this unit

Lesson: Bond Order Length Energy

Bond order from MO theory

B O = \frac{N _{b} - N _{a}}{2}

Higher bond order: shorter, stronger bond. N₂: BO=3, O₂: BO=2, F₂: BO=1.

Symbol	Quantity	SI Unit
N_b	bonding electrons	-
N_a	antibonding electrons	-
BO	bond order	-

Valid when

MO theory framework
Closed-shell molecule (or with appropriate treatment)

Lesson: Dipole Moment

Dipole moment

μ = q d

Product of charge magnitude and bond length. SI: C·m. Common: Debye (1 D = 3.336e-30 C·m).

Symbol	Quantity	SI Unit
q	charge	C
d	bond length	m
mu	dipole moment	C*m or D

Valid when

Diatomic or vector-summed for polyatomic
Polar bond

NEET question patterns in this unit

Lesson: Bond Order Length Energy

From MO configuration of homonuclear diatomic, compute bond order and predict magnetic property.

Multi StepMedium

Common distractors

forgets anti bonding

Counts only bonding electrons

Lesson: Hybridization

Determine hybridization of central atom from molecular formula or geometry.

InterpretationMedium

Common distractors

ignores lone pairs

Counts only bonding pairs

Lesson: VSEPR Shapes

Predict molecular geometry (linear, bent, trigonal pyramidal, etc.) from VSEPR steric number and lone pairs.

InterpretationEasy

Common distractors

ignores lp bp distortion

Doesn't adjust for lone-pair repulsion

Questions about this unit

What does Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure cover for NEET Chemistry?: 11 lessons: Bond Order Length Energy, Dipole Moment, Electronegativity Fajans', Hybridization, Hydrogen Bonding, Ionic Covalent Bonds, Kossel Lewis, MO Homonuclear Diatomics, Molecular Orbital Theory, Valence Bond Theory and VSEPR Shapes.
How often has Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure come up in NEET past papers?: Our set of verified past papers has 18 questions from this unit, from NEET 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026. Each is answered against the official NTA key.
Is the Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure material free?: Yes. All 11 lessons and 88 practice questions are free, with no login needed.