What does Biotechnology and its Applications cover for NEET Biology?

6 lessons: Biotech Agriculture Bt GM, Biotech Medicine Insulin, rDNA Principles, rDNA Process PCR Blotting, rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase and Transgenic Animals Biopiracy.

How often has Biotechnology and its Applications come up in NEET past papers?

Our set of verified past papers has 40 questions from this unit, from NEET 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026. Each is answered against the official NTA key.

Is the Biotechnology and its Applications material free?

Yes. All 6 lessons and 48 practice questions are free, with no login needed.

Biotechnology and its Applications

6 lessons

Topic index in NCERT order

6 of 6 lessons by the NCERT chapter they teach from, in book order. The page is the first printed page of your NCERT book the lesson cites; PYQs are the past NEET questions on that topic.

Class 12 Biology, Chapter 9: Biotechnology — Principles and Processes

rDNA Principlesp. 1643 PYQs
rDNA Tools Restriction Ligasep. 16514 PYQs
rDNA Process PCR Blottingp. 1689 PYQs

Class 12 Biology, Chapter 10: Biotechnology and its Applications

Biotech Agriculture Bt GMp. 1804 PYQs
Biotech Medicine Insulinp. 1829 PYQs
Transgenic Animals Biopiracyp. 1840 PYQs

Biotech Agriculture Bt GM

8 MCQs4 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (1)Calculation (1)

Biotech Medicine Insulin

8 MCQs9 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (1)Calculation (1)

rDNA Principles

8 MCQs3 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (1)Calculation (1)

rDNA Process PCR Blotting

8 MCQs9 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (5)Direct Application (2)Concept Trap (1)

rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

8 MCQs14 PYQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (2)

Transgenic Animals Biopiracy

8 MCQsWorked example

Easy Recall (3)Direct Application (3)Concept Trap (2)

NCERT lines NEET tested in this unit

Each line with its printed NCERT page and the past NEET questions that tested it.

Past-paper questions from this unit

40 questions from NEET 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026. Answers verified against NTA official keys.

By year in our set: 2020 (5) · 2021 (2) · 2022 (8) · 2023 (6) · 2024 (6) · 2025 (8) · 2026 (5)

Lesson: Biotech Agriculture Bt GM

NEET 2026

The inactive form of Bt toxin is converted to the active form in the insect gut ______.

1due to alkaline pH

2due to acidic pH

3by proteases

4by nucleases

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2026

During PCR, primers bind to the DNA strands in the ______ step.

1denaturation

2extension

3annealing

4ligation

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2026

Given below are two statements : Statement I : Plasmids are autonomously replicating DNA. Statement II : Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

1Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

2Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

3Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

4Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Principles

NEET 2026

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A : In recombinant DNA technology, lysozyme is used for disrupting bacterial cells while cellulase is for plant cells. Reason R : Isolation of genetic material needs disruption of cells. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

1Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

2Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

3A is correct but R is not correct

4A is not correct but R is correct

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2026

Match List-I with List-II. List-I : A. Transformation, B. Cloning site, C. Selection, D. Ori. List-II : I. Restriction enzyme, II. Transfer DNA to host bacteria, III. Replication, IV. Antibiotic. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

2A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

3A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

4A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2025

Given below are two statements : Statement I : The DNA fragments extracted from gel electrophoresis can be used in construction of recombinant DNA. Statement II : Smaller size DNA fragments are observed near anode while larger fragments are found near the wells in an agarose gel. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

1Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct

2Both statement I and statement II are correct

3Both statement I and statement II are incorrect

4Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2025

The blue and white selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinant colonies from nonrecombinant colonies on the basis of their ability to produce colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. Given below are two statements about this method: Statement I : The blue coloured colonies have DNA insert in the plasmid and they are identified as recombinant colonies. Statement II : The colonies without blue colour have DNA insert in the plasmid and are identified as recombinant colonies. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

2Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

3Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

4Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2025

Which of the following enzyme(s) are NOT essential for gene cloning? A. Restriction enzymes B. DNA ligase C. DNA mutase D. DNA recombinase E. DNA polymerase Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1B and C only

2C and D only

3A and B only

4D and E only

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2025

Why can’t insulin be given orally to diabetic patients?

1Its bioavailability will be increased

2Human body will elicit strong immune response

3It will be digested in Gastro-Intestinal (GI) tract

4Because of structural variation

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Agriculture Bt GM

NEET 2025

Silencing of specific mRNA is possible via RNAi because of

1Non-complementary ssRNA

2Complementary dsRNA

3Inhibitory ssRNA

4Complementary tRNA

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2025

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies DNA following the equation.

12N2

2N2

32n

42n + 1

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2025

Which of the following genetically engineered organisms was used by Eli Lilly to prepare human insulin?

1Phage

2Bacterium

3Yeast

4Virus

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2025

In the above represented plasmid, an alien piece of DNA is inserted at EcoRI site. Which of the following strategies will be chosen to select the recombinant colonies?

1Blue color colonies grown on ampicillin plates can be selected.

2Using ampicillin & tetracycline containing medium plate.

3Blue color colonies will be selected.

4White color colonies will be selected.

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2024Revised key

Hind II always cuts DNA molecules at a particular point called recognition sequence and it consists of:

18 bp

26 bp

34 bp

410 bp

NTA Answer: Option 2(revised_final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Agriculture Bt GM

NEET 2024Revised key

Given below are two statements: Statement I : Bt toxins are insect group specific and coded by a gene cry IAc. Statement II : Bt toxin exists as inactive protoxin in B. thuringiensis. However, after ingestion by the insect the inactive protoxin gets converted into active form due to acidic pH of the insect gut. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1Both Statement I and Statement II are true

2Both Statement I and Statement II are false

3Statement I is true but Statement II is false

4Statement I is false but Statement II is true

NTA Answer: Option 3(revised_final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Principles

NEET 2024Revised key

What is the fate of a piece of DNA carrying only gene of interest which is transferred into an alien organism? A. The piece of DNA would be able to multiply itself independently in the progeny cells of the organism. B. It may get integrated into the genome of the recipient. C. It may multiply and be inherited along with the host DNA. D. The alien piece of DNA is not an integral part of chromosome. E. It shows ability to replicate. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1A and B only

2D and E only

3B and C only

4A and E only

NTA Answer: Option 3(revised_final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2024Revised key

Match List I with List II : List I List II A. –I antitrypsin I. Cotton bollworm B. Cry IAb II. ADA deficiency C. Cry IAc III. Emphysema D Enzyme replacement therapy IV Corn borer Choose the correct answer form the options given below:

1A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

2A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

3A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

4A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

NTA Answer: Option 3(revised_final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2024Revised key

The “Ti plasmid” of Agrobacterium tumefaciens stands for

1Tumour inhibiting plasmid

2Tumor independent plasmid

3Tumor inducing plasmid

4Temperature independent plasmid

NTA Answer: Option 3(revised_final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2024Revised key

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1A bio-reactor provides optimal growth conditions for achieving the desired product

2Most commonly used bio-reactors are of stirring type

3Bio-reactors are used to produce small scale bacterial cultures

4Bio-reactors have an agitator system, an oxygen delivery system foam control system

NTA Answer: Option 3(revised_final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2023

Upon exposure to UV radiation, DNA stained with ethidium bromide will show

1Bright blue colour

2Bright yellow colour

3Bright orange colour

4Bright red colour

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Principles

NEET 2023

During the purification process for recombinant DNA technology, addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out

1DNA

2Histones

3Polysaccharides

4RNA

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Agriculture Bt GM

NEET 2023

In gene gun method used to introduce alien DNA into host cells, microparticles of ________ metal are used.

1Zinc

2Tungsten or gold

3Silver

4Copper

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

NEET 2023

Main steps in the formation of Recombinant DNA are given below. Arrange these steps in a correct sequence. A. Insertion of recombinant DNA into the host cell B. Cutting of DNA at specific location by restriction enzyme C. Isolation of desired DNA fragment D. Amplification of gene of interest using PCR Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1C, A, B, D

2C, B, D, A

3B, D, A, C

4B, C, D, A

NTA Answer: Option multi:2,4(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2023

Which of the following is not a cloning vector?

1YAC

2pBR322

3Probe

4BAC

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2023

Which one of the following techniques does not serve the purpose of early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment?

1Serum and Urine analysis

2Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique

3Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) technique

4Recombinant DNA Technology

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2022

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Polymerase chain reaction is used in DNA amplification. Reason (R) : The ampicillin resistant gene is used as a selectable marker to check transformation In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1(A) is not correct but (R) is correct

2Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

3Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

4(A) is correct but (R) is not correct

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2022

Which one of the following statement is not true regarding gel electrophoresis technique?

1Bright orange coloured bands of DNA can be observed in the gel when exposed to UV light.

2The process of extraction of separated DNA strands from gel is called elution.

3The separated DNA fragments are stained by using ethidium bromide.

4The presence of chromogenic substrate gives blue coloured DNA bands on the gel.

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2022

In the following palindromic base sequences of DNA, which one can be cut easily by particular restriction enzyme?

15 GTATTC3 ; 3 CATAAG5

25 GATACT3 ; 3 CTATGA5

35 GAATTC3 ; 3 CTTAAG5

45 CTCAGT3 ; 3 GAGTCA5

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2022

Transposons can be used during which one of the following ?

1Gene sequencing

2Polymerase Chain Reaction

3Gene Silencing

4Autoradiography

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2022

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Restriction endonucleases recognise specific sequence to cut DNA known as palindromic nucleotide sequence. Statement II: Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA strand a little away from the centre of the palindromic site. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

2Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

3Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

4Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2022

In gene therapy of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency, the patient requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes because :

1Genetically engineered lymphocytes are not immortal cells.

2Retroviral vector is introduced into these lymphocytes.

3Gene isolated from marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at embryonic stages

4Lymphocytes from patient's blood are grown in culture, outside the body.

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2022

1(c), (d) and (e) only

2(a), (b) and (d) only

3(b) only

4(c) and (d) only

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2022

Which of the following is not a desirable feature of a cloning vector?

1Presence of two or more recognition sites

2Presence of origin of replication

3Presence of a marker gene

4Presence of single restriction enzyme site

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2021

With regard to insulin choose correct options. (a) C-peptide is not present in mature insulin. (b) The insulin produced by rDNA technology has Cpeptide. (c) The pro-insulin has C-peptide (d) A-peptide and B-peptide of insulin are interconnected by disulphide bridges. Choose the correct answer from the option given below

1(a) and (d) only

2(b) and (d) only

3(b) and (c) only

4(a), (c) and (d) only

NTA Answer: Option 4(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2021

The Adenosine deaminase deficiency results into

1Addison's disease

2Dysfunction of Immune system

3Parkinson's disease

4Digestive disorder

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: Biotech Medicine Insulin

NEET 2020

Match the following columns and select the correct option. Column - I Column - II (a) Bt cotton (i) Gene therapy (b) Adenosine (ii) Cellular defence deaminase deficiency (c) RNAi (iii) Detection of HIV infection (d) PCR (iv) Bacillus thuringiensis (a) (b) (c) (d)

1(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

2(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

3(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)

4(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2020

Identify the wrong statement with regard to Restriction Enzymes.

1Sticky ends can be joined by using DNA ligases.

2Each restriction enzyme functions by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence.

3They cut the strand of DNA at palindromic sites.

4They are useful in genetic engineering.

NTA Answer: Option 1(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2020

The sequence that controls the copy number of the linked DNA in the vector, is termed :

1Recognition site

2Selectable marker

3Ori site

4Palindromic sequence

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Process PCR Blotting

NEET 2020

In gel electrophoresis, separated DNA fragments can be visualized with the help of :

1Ethidium bromide in infrared radiation

2Acetocarmine in bright blue light

3Ethidium bromide in UV radiation

4Acetocarmine in UV radiation

NTA Answer: Option 3(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

Lesson: rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase

NEET 2020

Choose the correct pair from the following :

1Exonucleases - Make cuts at specific positions within DNA

2Ligases - Join the two DNA molecules

3Polymerases - Break the DNA into fragments

4Nucleases - Separate the two strands of DNA

NTA Answer: Option 2(final)

Report an error · Every fix is public: corrections log

EcoRI: GAATTC palindrome, cuts to leave 5' AATT overhangs (sticky ends). Blunt-ending enzymes: HaeIII, AluI.

NEET question patterns in this unit

Unit-wide

rDNA, restriction enzymes, PCR, GM crops, recombinant insulin, transgenic animals

RecallMedium

Common distractors

similar term confusion

Biology relies on precise terminology; close terms tempt selection.

Questions about this unit

What does Biotechnology and its Applications cover for NEET Biology?: 6 lessons: Biotech Agriculture Bt GM, Biotech Medicine Insulin, rDNA Principles, rDNA Process PCR Blotting, rDNA Tools Restriction Ligase and Transgenic Animals Biopiracy.
How often has Biotechnology and its Applications come up in NEET past papers?: Our set of verified past papers has 40 questions from this unit, from NEET 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026. Each is answered against the official NTA key.
Is the Biotechnology and its Applications material free?: Yes. All 6 lessons and 48 practice questions are free, with no login needed.